Some helpful Git version control commands

Here are some of the most important Git commands, along with examples of how to use them:

• git clone: This command is used to clone an existing repository from a remote server to your local machine. For example, to clone a repository from GitHub to your local machine, you can use a command like this:
• git clone https://github.com/user/repo.git
• git add: This command is used to stage changes for commit. For example, to stage all modified and new files in the current directory, you can use a command like this:
• git add
• git commit: This command is used to commit changes to the local repository. For example, to commit all staged changes with the message "Add new feature", you can use a command like this:
• git commit -m "Add new feature"
• git push: This command is used to push committed changes to a remote repository. For example, to push changes to the master branch of a repository on GitHub, you can use a command like this:
• git push origin master
• git pull: This command is used to fetch and merge changes from a remote repository to your local repository. For example, to fetch and merge changes from the master branch of a repository on GitHub, you can use a command like this:
• git pull origin master
• git branch: This command is used to create, list, or delete branches in a repository. For example, to create a new branch called feature based on the current branch, you can use a command like this:
• git branch feature
• git merge: This command is used to merge one branch into another. For example, to merge the feature branch into the master branch, you can use a command like this:
• git merge feature
• git log: This command is used to display the commit history for a repository. For example, to display the commit history for the master branch in a compact format, you can use a command like this:
• git log --oneline --decorate --graph --all
• git diff: This command is used to compare differences between commits, branches, or files. For example, to compare the differences between the master and feature branches, you can use a command like this:
• git diff master feature
• git stash: This command is used to temporarily store changes that are not ready to be committed. For example, to stash all modified and staged changes, you can use a command like this:
• git stash
• git reset: This command is used to undo commits or discard changes. For example, to discard all changes made since the last commit, you can use a command like this:
• git reset --hard
• git tag: This command is used to add tags to specific commits in a repository. Tags are like labels that can be used to mark important points in the commit history, such as releases. For example, to create a tag called v1.0 at the latest commit, you can use a command like this:
• git tag v1.0
• git checkout: This command is used to switch between branches or restore files in the working directory. For example, to switch to the feature branch, you can use a command like this:
• git checkout feature
• git fetch: This command is used to retrieve new commits from a remote repository without merging them into the local repository. For example, to fetch new commits from the origin repository, you can use a command like this:
• git fetch origin
• git blame: This command is used to display information about who last modified each line of a file. For example, to display the commit history for each line of a file called main.py, you can use a command like this:
• git blame main.py
• git grep: This command is used to search for patterns in the files of a repository. For example, to search for the pattern "TODO" in all Python files in the repository, you can use a command like this:
• git grep "TODO" -- "*.py"
• git gc: This command is used to clean up the repository and optimize its performance. For example, to remove unreachable objects and compress the file system, you can use a command like this:
• git gc --aggressive
• git cherry-pick: This command is used to apply the changes from a specific commit to the current branch. For example, to apply the changes from the commit 1234567 to the current branch, you can use a command like this:
• git cherry-pick 1234567
• git am: This command is used to apply patches to the repository in the format of email messages. For example, to apply a patch stored in a file called patch.txt, you can use a command like this:
• git am patch.txt

Enjoy pals!